A pulley swap on a lawn mower involves replacing the drive pulley that connects the engine to the blade, the idler pulley that maintains belt tension, and the tension pulley that adjusts it. It’s necessary due to wear or damage, and it requires new pulleys, a belt (if needed), and safety precautions. The process includes removing old pulleys, installing new ones while ensuring alignment, installing the belt, and tightening bolts. Regular pulley inspection and maintenance prevent belt issues, improve performance, and extend the lawn mower’s lifespan.